Wed Sep 30 11:50:41 EDT 2015

Items of Interest

Various web links I found to be of interest recently:

  • America's Real Criminal Element: Lead

    New research finds Pb is the hidden villain behind violent crime, lower IQs, and even the ADHD epidemic. And fixing the problem is a lot cheaper than doing nothing.

    Gasoline lead may explain as much as 90 percent of the rise and fall of violent crime over the past half century.
    ...
    In states where consumption of leaded gasoline declined slowly, crime declined slowly. Where it declined quickly, crime declined quickly.
    ...
    When differences of atmospheric lead density between big and small cities largely went away, so did the difference in murder rates.

  • The Correlation Between Arts and Crafts and a Nobel Prize

    The average scientist is not statistically more likely than a member of the general public to have an artistic or crafty hobby. But members of the National Academy of Sciences and the Royal Society -- elite societies of scientists, membership in which is based on professional accomplishments and discoveries -- are 1.7 and 1.9 times more likely to have an artistic or crafty hobby than the average scientist is. And Nobel prize winning scientists are 2.85 times more likely than the average scientist to have an artistic or crafty hobby.

  • Getting it Wrong: 'Everyone' Suffers An Incorrect or Late Diagnosis

    According to the report:

    1. At least 5 percent of U.S. adults who seek outpatient care each year experience a diagnostic error.
    2. Postmortem exams suggest diagnostic errors contribute to 10 percent of patient deaths.
    3. Medical records suggest diagnostic errors account for 6 to 17 percent of adverse events in hospitals.

  • Neural network chess computer abandons brute force for selective, 'human' approach

    A chess computer has taught itself the game and advanced to 'international master'-level in only three days by adopting a more 'human' approach. Mathew Lai, an MsC student at Imperial College London, devised a neural-network-based chess computer dubbed Giraffe -- the first of its kind to abandon the 'brute force' approach to competing with human opponents in favour of a branch-based approach whereby the AI stops to evaluate which of the calculated move branches that it has already made are most likely to lead to victory.
    ...
    The lag between depth-based 'move-crunching' and neural-based branch evaluation has not completely closed, and Giraffe cannot perform yet at either the same level or with the same latency as traditional depth-based chess engines.

  • How Biohackers are Fighting a Two-front War on Antibiotic Resistance

    Enter CRISPR, or clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats. CRISPRs are part of an immune system for bacteria -- a way for populations of bugs to share immunity to bacteria-specific viruses, called phages.
    ...
    CRISPR is a really powerful tool for gene editing, and one that has applications for overcoming antibiotic resistance. In an ironic twist, researchers are packing CRISPR/Cas systems into phages and using them to attack bacteria. The CRISPR system is programmed to search for and destroy the sequences that code for antibiotic resistance, like the beta-lactamase protein that confers penicillin resistance. The bacteria are then vulnerable to antibiotics they had previously been able to stand up to.

  • Restoring Henry

    Niall Ferguson, Kissinger's authorized biographer, begins the arduous task of rolling his subject's fallen reputation back up the hill.

    Negative review of authorized biography of Henry Kissinger.

  • The Rent Crisis Is About to Get a Lot Worse

    Millions of households could join the ranks of those spending more than half their income on rent, Harvard study warns

  • What Is College Worth?

    What's the real value of higher education?

    These types of studies, and there are lots of them, usually find that the financial benefits of getting a college degree are much larger than the financial costs. But Cappelli points out that for parents and students the average figures may not mean much, because they disguise enormous differences in outcomes from school to school. He cites a survey, carried out by PayScale for Businessweek in 2012, that showed that students who attend M.I.T., Caltech, and Harvey Mudd College enjoy an annual return of more than ten per cent on their "investment." But the survey also found almost two hundred colleges where students, on average, never fully recouped the costs of their education. "The big news about the payoff from college should be the incredible variation in it across colleges," Cappelli writes. "Looking at the actual return on the costs of attending college, careful analyses suggest that the payoff from many college programs--as much as one in four--is actually negative. Incredibly, the schools seem to add nothing to the market value of the students."

  • Men with unaggressive prostate tumors 'unlikely to develop, die from prostate cancer'

    With careful monitoring by a urologist, a man with relatively unaggressive prostate cancer is unlikely to develop metastatic prostate cancer or die from the disease. This is according to a new study published in the Journal of Clinical Oncology.

  • Surprising benefits of sexually transmitted infections

    Some microbes passed on during sex could actually be good for us, are most of us missing out?

    Microbes that cause sexual diseases need to ensure they can hop from human to human
    ...
    A six-study review found that it (GB virus C) was associated with a 59% reduction in the mortality rate of HIV patients. Scientists think GBV-C does this by reducing HIV's ability to compromise our immune system cells. It may also stimulate other parts of the immune system to actively fight the infection.

  • Food Goes 'GMO Free' With Same Ingredients

    As consumer concern grows over genetically modified products, more produce purveyors are paying to use such labels

    While the U.S. government and most major science groups say evidence shows that GMOs are safe, consumer concern has grown so strong that some vendors of products such as blueberries and lettuce are paying for non-GMO labeling even though their products aren't among the small number of crops that are genetically modified in the U.S.

  • Ice cream that does not melt 'could soon hit the shelves'

    Scientists have discovered a protein which binds the components of ice cream together and stops it melting so fast.

    The new ingredient should create firmer, longer lasting ice cream that will keep it frozen for much longer in hot weather

  • Can't sleep? Try getting less

    By reducing your "sleep window", you're raising the stakes, giving your powers of sleep a real challenge, which brings out the best in them'

    Also see, Sleep Restriction Therapy (SRT).


Posted by mjm | Permanent link | Comments
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