Mon Apr 30 10:57:32 EDT 2018

Items of Interest

Various web links I found to be of interest recently.

  • Why even removing Trump from office won't save American democracy

    The reality is that Trump's removal or resignation from office, while desirable, would not do much to change the trajectory of America's political institutions. And the mounting desire for something cataclysmic that could change their trajectory strikes me as dangerous. The best we can do, I fear, is to muddle along and try our best to keep things from getting worse. And the less we accept that, and the more we escape into fantasias of collapse and redemption, the harder making those modest incremental improvements will be.

  • People Voted for Trump Because They Were Anxious, Not Poor

    A new study finds that Trump voters weren't losing income or jobs. Instead, they were concerned about their place in the world.

  • Lesson in Amazon Scams and Money Laundering

    Whereas Facebook is plagued by fake news, Amazon is littered with fake products. And these fake products encourage fraud and play a role in global money laundering.

  • The Internet Apologizes

    Even those who designed our digital world are aghast at what they created. A breakdown of what went wrong - from the architects who built it:

    Jaron Lanier, Antonio García Martínez, Ellen Pao, Can Duruk, Kate Losse, Tristan Harris, Rich “Lowtax” Kyanka, Ethan Zuckerman, Dan McComas, Sandy Parakilas, Guillaume Chaslot, Roger McNamee, Richard Stallman

  • Property Is Another Name for Monopoly

    Facilitating Efficient Bargaining with Partial Common Ownership of Spectrum, Corporations, and Land.
    Authors: Eric A. Posner & E. Glen Weyl August 9, 2016.

    The existing system of private property interferes with allocative efficiency by giving owners the power to hold out for excessive prices. We propose a remedy in the form of a tax on property, based on the value self-assessed by its owner at intervals, along with a requirement that the owner sell the property t o any third party willing to pay a price equal to the self-assessed value. The tax rate would reflect a tradeoff between gains from allocative efficiency and losses to investment efficiency, and would increase in line with expected developments in information technology. The legal and economic implications of this system are explored.

  • Why Bitcoin is bullshit, explained by an expert

    It turns out cryptocurrencies and blockchains have a few problems.

  • The Libertarian Who Accidentally Helped Make the Case for Regulation

    George Mason economist Alex Tabarrok set out to prove that federal regulations are strangling the economy. That's not what he found.

    When Tabarrok and his former grad student Nathan Goldschlag set out to measure how federal regulations impact business growth, they were sure they'd find proof that regulations were dragging down the economy. But they didn't. No matter how they sliced the data, they could find no evidence that federal regulation was bad for business.
    ...
    The trend of declining dynamism since 1980-along with wage stagnation, rising inequality, and a host of other ills-has tracked a parallel rise in monopolization, as the economy becomes increasingly consolidated in the hands of a few giant businesses. As New York Times columnist Eduardo Porter put it recently, "By allowing an ecosystem of gargantuan companies to develop, all but dominating the markets they served, the American economy shut out disruption. And thus it shut out change."

  • Aggregation Theory

    First from July 21, 2015: Ben Thompson's Aggregation Theory

    The value chain for any given consumer market is divided into three parts: suppliers, distributors, and consumers/users. The best way to make outsize profits in any of these markets is to either gain a horizontal monopoly in one of the three parts or to integrate two of the parts such that you have a competitive advantage in delivering a vertical solution. In the pre-Internet era the latter depended on controlling distribution.
    ...
    The fundamental disruption of the Internet has been to turn this dynamic on its head. First, the Internet has made distribution (of digital goods) free, neutralizing the advantage that pre-Internet distributors leveraged to integrate with suppliers. Secondly, the Internet has made transaction costs zero, making it viable for a distributor to integrate forward with end users/consumers at scale.

    Second from June 6, 2017: Macro Blockchain #1: The End of Aggregation Theory

    Why do blockchains allow new startups to compete with FANG and break Aggregation Theory --> ML? Because blockchains diminish the two aspects of defensibility held by FANG:

    • UX/Network Effects- Blockchains allow for a new monetary incentive structure which gives early adopters greater upside the earlier they join the bootstrap (which can overcome aggregators' existing network effect).
    • ML Data Advantage- Blockchains allow for a DLT (distributed ledger technology) architecture where data is shared and open, rather than a client-server architecture where data is closed and siloed.

    So how do you get people to join a brand new network? You give people partial ownership of the network. Just like equity in a startup, it is more valuable to join the network early because you get more ownership. Decentralized applications do this by paying their contributors in their token. And there is potential for that token (partial ownership of the network) to be worth more in the future. This is equivalent to being a miner in the early days of Bitcoin. ...When the network is less populated and useful you now have a stronger incentive to join it.

  • The world's hottest shopping city is becoming a ghost town

    Retail space in Manhattan sits unused as rental prices soar.

    Yes, there are bank branches, restaurants, fast-food outlets, theaters, Duane Reades, a vitamin shop and a few tourist-targeted "discount" stores. But mainly there are oodles of empty spaces covered with signs touting SUPERB CORNER RETAIL OPPORTUNITY.

  • The Long and Curious History of Meetup.com.

    Old article from 2011 about the origins of meetup.com For some more recent (2016) information see, What Meetups Tell Us About America.

    And the most recent (2017) meetup.com news:

    WeWork Buys Meetup to Bring People Together Outside of Work

  • More and more companies have monopoly power over workers' wages.

    The trend can explain slow growth, "missing" workers, and stagnant salaries.

    In sum, growing labor market power may well be a significant explanation of the host of maladies that have beset wealthy countries, notably the United States, in the past few decades: declining growth rates, falling labor share of corporate earnings, rising inequality, falling employment of prime-age men, and persistent and growing government fiscal deficits. It's remarkable how well labor market power alone can simultaneously explain all these trends.

  • How to download a copy of everything Facebook knows about you

    Here's how to see everything Facebook knows about you and how to download your own archive of that information.

    To see how Facebook allows an advertiser to track you see: About Facebook Pixel.
  • How brain cancer can affect the mind

    When neuroscientist Barbara Lipska was diagnosed with brain cancer, she thought she knew about the physical toll. But she was unprepared for its effect on her behaviour

    Yet for two distressing months, after surgery and radiation and just as she began an immunotherapy clinical trial, Lipska slid into what she terms "insanity", the tumours and swelling in the different areas of her brain triggering bewildering behaviour changes, lack of judgment, empathy and tolerance, and difficulty in relating to the world around her.
    ...
    Most important, she states, is to build the understanding that mental illness is a disease of the brain and must be studied and treated as such, "just as coronary illness is a disease of the heart". Notions of mental illness as different - "somehow involving blame" - still linger, she believes. "We are so far away from understanding how the brain functions. Understanding how it malfunctions is even further away. There is so much work to do."

  • Researchers have ditched the autism-vaccine hypothesis.

    Genes and the microbiome are some of the most promising leads.

    Today, about one in 68 US children has autism - a rate that's remained unchanged since at least 1990, though there's been a steady increase in awareness and diagnosis.
    ...
    But "of all the causes of autism, the thing we know with the greatest certainty is that it's a very genetic disorder," said UCSF geneticist and autism researcher Stephan Sanders. "If you look at a child with autism, then look at their siblings, you'll find the rate of autism is 10 times higher in those siblings than in the general population. This has been looked at in populations of millions."
    ... "The bottom line is that when you add up all of the genetic risks, it looks like genetics can account for 50 percent of the risk for autism, which is very high," said David Amaral, an autism specialist at the UC Davis MIND Institute.

    ... Exposure to infections and certain medicines during pregnancy may be linked to autism .

    ... Overall, the evidence for these prenatal exposures is stronger than the evidence for the range of postnatal causes that may trigger autism, said Amaral.

    And for the sordid history of the vaccine-autism controversy and how Andrew Wakefield's shoddy science fueled autism-vaccine fear: 20 years ago, research fraud catalyzed the anti-vaccination movement.


    The study, led by the now discredited physician-researcher Andrew Wakefield, involved 12 children and suggested there's a link between the measles, mumps, and rubella vaccine - which is administered to millions of children around the world each year - and autism.

    The study was subsequently thoroughly debunked. The Lancet retracted the paper and Wakefield was stripped of his medical license. Autism researchers have shown decisively again and again that the developmental disorder is not caused by vaccines.

    Still, public health experts say the false data and erroneous conclusions in that paper, while rejected in the scientific world, helped fuel a dangerous movement of vaccine skepticism and refusal around the world.


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